Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute … The bodies of cult members of the People’s Temple, in. … Background: Toluene is one of the most widely abused inhaled drugs due to its acute neurologic effects including euphoria and subsequent depression. Toluene Safety Data Sheet according to Federal Register / Vol. It was first isolated in 1837 from pine oil by Polish chemist Filip N. Walter. IN cases of suspected arsenic exposure it is imperative to call 911 for immediate transfer to the nearest hospital. Mercury poisoning is a type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury. Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 4. The public should also … CNS toxicity may be due to the liposolubility of toluene in the neuronal membrane. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. A volatile petrochemical solvent and paint thinner, toluene is a potent neurotoxicant that acts as an irritant, impairs breathing, and causes nausea. Pulmonary aspiration may cause a hydrocarbon pneumonitis (See Hydrocarbons). Environmental influences. The effects are either from acute intoxication or from organ system dysfunction as a result of chronic and persistent abuse. Toluene is a hydrophobic solvent found in paint thinners, cleaning agents, adhesives, and gasoline, 11,12,14-16 and is the most commonly abused volatile substance worldwide, owing to its euphoric effects. Its solubility in water is 535 mg/litre (1). Cyanide can even be absorbed through the skin, hence people who work with cyanide-related chemicals must wear appropriate garments and protective inhalational devices. Classic symptoms of arsine gas toxicity include headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, "port wine" hued urine and jaundice. Health supervision visits forced to be viewed as business of a continuum of circumspection, not as the exploit of isolated tasks. DO NOT use it to treat or manage an actual poison exposure. Four years later, French chemist Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville isolated it from “tolu balsam” (extracted from the Colombian tree Myroxylon balsamum). This leads to the con- cept of « dispensable tissues, » substance that in straighten out to achieve tumor eradication, it was demanded to keep in view tissue-specific toxicity damaging general tissues [59]. 11,13,15,16 Absorption occurs from inhalation, ingestion, or transdermal exposure, and can be detected in blood within minutes. The key difference between benzene and toluene is their structure; toluene has a methyl group attached to the benzene ring while benzene has no methyl groups attached.. Benzene and Toluene are two aromatic compounds having a slight difference between them in their structure. Use restrictions (high), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (high), Ecotoxicology (low), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (high), and Contamination concerns (high) antioxidant and solvent. Acute toxicity (Dermal) - Category 4. Toluene TWA 20 ppm US. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. Female reproductive toxicity endpoint removed from listing for toluene effective March 7, 2014. Public Notices Related to this Chemical. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. High-level exposure to methylmercury is known as Minamata disease. The bioremediation of polluted groundwater and toxic waste sites requires that bacteria come into close physical contact with pollutants. 77, No. It deprives cells of the ability to use oxygen. Symptoms depend upon the type, dose, method, and duration of exposure. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values, as amended STEL 150 ppm 560 mg/m3 US. MRI is the modality of choice for evaluation of cerebral changes related to toluene toxicity. Product form : Substance Substance name : Toluene CAS-No. The key to managing cyanide toxicity is patient education. Five motile strains of bacteria that use five different pathways to degrade toluene were tested for their ability to detect and swim towards this pollutant. However, dangerous metabolic abnormalities are associated to acute toluene intoxication. F igure 3.2. The toxicity of cyanide is due to its ability to stop cellular respiration and ATP (adenosine triphosphate, a source of cel- lular energy) synthesis in cells, causing what is called cytotoxic or metabolic anoxia . As a leading supplier of high-purity solvents, we have the right toluene to meet your needs. Toluene toxicity refers to the harmful effects caused by toluene on the body. Toluene-3,4-dithiol | C7H8S2 | CID 10334 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. Toluene: health effects, incident management and toxicology Information on toluene, for use in responding to chemical incidents. They are mild mucous membrane irritants that affect the eyes and the respiratory and GI tracts. Inhalants cause an initial excitatory response This structural difference has led to various differences in their reactivity and usage. The exposure may also be through direct skin and eye contact, or upon inhaling the vapors; This intake could be accidental, or in some cases intentional, to bring self-harm; Toluene is a poisonous liquid that is highly flammable ; Note: The … According to OSHA, it’s often used in a mixture with other solvents and chemicals, such as paint pigments, so employees who work with paint, metal cleaners and adhesives may be at risk for exposure. OSHA Table Z-1-A (29 CFR 1910.1000), as amended TWA 100 ppm 375 mg/m3 US. Healthcare workers that include nurses, pharmacists, and physicians need to educate the public about the dangers of cyanide in the workplace. Toluene Toxicity; Toluol Poisoning; What are the Causes of Toluene Poisoning? 28. Acute Toxicity: Dermal: 108-88-3 (Toluene) LD50 Rabbit: 12,124 mg/kg Oral: 108-88-3 (Toluene) LD50 Rat: 5000mg/kg Inhalation: 108-88-3 (Toluene) LC50 Rat: 12,500 - 28,800 mg/m3/4 h Chronic Toxicity: No additional information. This can be accomplished by chemotaxis. Arsenic poisoning is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. Mechanism of toxicity. Toluene is a clear and colorless liquid that turns to vapor when exposed to air at room temperature. Identification . The Forensic Aspects of Poisons . The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described here. When exposure to toluene occurs there is usually simultaneous exposure to several other chemicals. Often toluene exposure occurs in conjunction with benzene and since they are to some degree metabolised by the same enzymes, the relative concentrations will determine their rate of elimination. Toluene and xylene poisoning can occur when someone swallows these substances, breathes in their fumes, or when these substances touch the skin. Immunotoxicity data are available but the results are conflicting. SCCP agrees that important official reports have been issued recently on the toxicity profile and safety of toluene, and has considered the following (summary) documents: 3.1.1. Toluene, or toluol as it was once called, is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon except for benzene. The odour threshold varies considerably; a geometric mean of 11 ppm has been estimated from published data (2). Toluene, the main component of volatile glues, lacquer thinners and aerosol paints is the chemical responsible for most clinical toxicity. It has been suggested that toluene interferes with the normal function of neuronal proteins. The data to date are inadequate to draw conclusions regarding whether immunosuppression may be a more sensitive endpoint (i.e., an endpoint that would result in a lower point of departure) than kidney toxicity. OSHA Table Z-1-A (29 CFR 1910.1000), as amended MAX. for metabolites been ascertained in the toxicity of toluene. CONC 500 ppm US. Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1B. TOLUENE (CAS No. Toluene and xylene are strong compounds that are used in many household and industrial products. 58 / Monday, March 26, 2012 / Rules and Regulations Date of issue: 03/21/2014 Revision date: 02/27/2018 Supersedes: 03/21/2014 Version: 1.1 02/27/2018 EN (English) Page 1 SECTION 1: Identification . It is lethal at low doses, and affected individuals may not notice the toxicity until hours after exposure. It has also been suggested that the toxicity of toluene may be due to some of its metabolic intermediates. Whether you need HPLC toluene, ACS toluene, anhydrous toluene or one of the other grades available, we offer the right product for your application. Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) - Category 2. Toluene Poisoning is caused by the ingestion of toluene (liquid). Toluene and xylene cause generalized CNS depression. Corrosion Irritation: Dermal: 108-88-3 (Toluene) Rabbit: Skin Irritation - 24 h Sensitization: No additional information. Chapter 5.14 Toluene General description Physical and chemical properties Toluene (C 6H 5CH 3) is a noncorrosive, volatile liquid with an aromatic odour. Low to moderate daily workplace exposure can cause temporary tiredness, confusion, weakness, nausea and memory loss. Long-term exposure can result in thickening of the skin, darker skin, abdominal pain, diarrhea, heart disease, numbness, and cancer. Organ system toxicity: Dysfunction of the central nervous system following acute, intermediate or high inhalation exposure to toluene is a critical health concern. This article is for information only. White matter T2 hyperintensity (focal and diffuse) is the most common finding, seen in approximately 50% of patients, typically after at least 4 years of abuse. Respiratory sensitization - Category 2A-2B. 1.1. Laboratory testing for acute toluene toxicity is hampered by the fact that blood tests for toluene and urinary tests for hippuric acid are not available in most hospitals. If arsenic poisoning occurs over a brief period of time, symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, and watery diarrhea that contains blood. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chronic abuse of toluene by inhalation causes variable white matter changes and thalamic hypointensity on T2-weighted MR images. Like other aromatic hydrocarbons, they may sensitize the myocardium to the arrythmogenic effects of catecholamines. 108-88-3) In Support of Summary Information on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) September 2005 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington D.C. DISCLAIMER This document has been reviewed in accordance with U. S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. 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